变量传递

基本使用

父子线程：创建子线程的线程是父线程，比如实例中的 main 线程就是父线程

ThreadLocal 中存储的是线程的局部变量，如果想实现线程间局部变量传递可以使用 InheritableThreadLocal 类

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ThreadLocal\<String\> threadLocal = new InheritableThreadLocal\<\>();
    threadLocal.set("父线程设置的值");

    new Thread(() -> System.out.println("子线程输出：" + threadLocal.get())).start();
}
// 子线程输出：父线程设置的值

实现原理

InheritableThreadLocal 源码：

public class InheritableThreadLocal\<T\> extends ThreadLocal\<T\> {
    protected T childValue(T parentValue) {
        return parentValue;
    }
    ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
       return t.inheritableThreadLocals;
    }
    void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) {
        t.inheritableThreadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue);
    }
}

实现父子线程间的局部变量共享需要追溯到 Thread 对象的构造方法：

private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name, long stackSize, AccessControlContext acc,
                  // 该参数默认是 true
                  boolean inheritThreadLocals) {
  	// ...
    Thread parent = currentThread();

    // 判断父线程（创建子线程的线程）的 inheritableThreadLocals 属性不为 null
    if (inheritThreadLocals && parent.inheritableThreadLocals != null) {
        // 复制父线程的 inheritableThreadLocals 属性，实现父子线程局部变量共享
        this.inheritableThreadLocals = ThreadLocal.createInheritedMap(parent.inheritableThreadLocals); 
    }
    // ..
}
// 【本质上还是创建 ThreadLocalMap，只是把父类中的可继承数据设置进去了】
static ThreadLocalMap createInheritedMap(ThreadLocalMap parentMap) {
    return new ThreadLocalMap(parentMap);
}
private ThreadLocalMap(ThreadLocalMap parentMap) {
    // 获取父线程的哈希表
    Entry[] parentTable = parentMap.table;
    int len = parentTable.length;
    setThreshold(len);
    table = new Entry[len];
	// 【逐个复制父线程 ThreadLocalMap 中的数据】
    for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
        Entry e = parentTable[j];
        if (e != null) {
            ThreadLocal\<Object\> key = (ThreadLocal\<Object\>) e.get();
            if (key != null) {
                // 调用的是 InheritableThreadLocal#childValue(T parentValue)
                Object value = key.childValue(e.value);
                Entry c = new Entry(key, value);
                int h = key.threadLocalHashCode & (len - 1);
                // 线性探测
                while (table[h] != null)
                    h = nextIndex(h, len);
                table[h] = c;
                size++;
            }
        }
    }
}

参考文章：https://blog.csdn.net/feichitianxia/article/details/110495764